What Kind of Mistakes Do Doctors Make?
Upon completion of this lecture, the participant will have a better understanding of the kinds of mistakes that doctors make, and will appreciate the physical, intellectual, psychological, and systems-based reasons why it is so difficult to eliminate errors in medical practice.

Can Our Monitors Save Us? NIRS--What does it measure? Does it matter? Outcome data?
Upon completion of this lecture, the participant will have an updated understanding of brain monitoring during anesthesia, including the physiologic basis for this monitor, its indications and limitations, as well as the effect of monitoring on outcomes.

Where Do We Stand on Awareness?
Upon completion of this lecture, the participant will have a better understanding of the incidence of awareness in pediatric anesthesia, the physiology of awareness monitoring, as well as its application and limitations in pediatric patients receiving different kinds of anesthetic agents. The effect of awareness monitoring on anesthetic outcome will also be discussed.

Central line Skin Prep
Upon completion of this lecture, the participant will understand the rationale and specific recommendations for skin preparation prior to central line placement. The effect of adherence to these recommendations on perioperative outcomes will be discussed.

Preoperative Antibiotics
Upon completion of this lecture, the participant will understand the indications and importance of antibiotic administration in perioperative care. Issues related to selection of agents for specific surgeries, and affect of antibiotic administration on outcomes will be discussed.

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
At the end of this lecture, the participant will have an updated understanding of the risk factors, recognition, management, and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the perioperative care of children of different ages.

How Do You Find Out About These Standards?
Upon completion of this lecture, the participant will know how to find out about evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice.

How To Get Docs To Do What They're Supposed To Do
At the end of this presentation, the participant will understand the reasons why physicians resist change, and will learn strategies for engaging their cooperation in adhering to practices that reduce complications and variability in practice.

Crew Resource Management
At the end of this presentation by an airline pilot and an anesthesiologist, the participant will have learned valuable strategies for minimizing the risk of adverse patient outcomes in pediatric anesthesia.

Jeopardy
Common problems in anesthetizing infants and children will be debated in a lively format by both moderator/panelists and audience participants. Following this presentation, the participant will be familiar with a variety of potential solutions to these problems.

AAP Advocacy Lecture: Parental Rights Versus the Rights of Adolescents
A recognized children's health advocate will speak to the group on a timely and pressing concern to all of us taking care of our nation's children.

Debate: What is the Best Way to Manage the Ex-preemie Undergoing an Inguinal Hernia Repair?
Following this debate, participants will have a greater understanding of the options, limitations, and potential complications of three different management strategies for ex-preemies undergoing this common procedure.

Ten Best Articles: Panel Presentation
Following this presentation by a panel of experts, participants will have new knowledge about current clinical and research topics in drug drugs, transplant anesthesia, and cardiac anesthesia.